IV. Pain and Symptom Management
A. Pain Assessment Tools
(Also see Research Instruments)
This section includes various tools to assess pain. Specifically, pocket reference cards, rating scales, assessment packets, chart forms, database tools, home health flow sheets, chart documentation packets, and tools for infant and pediatric pain assessment are among the resources available.
Recommended Publications
-
Pain Assessment and Pharmacologic Management
- Pasero, C. & McCaffery, M. (2010). MO: St Louis,
Elsevier Mosby. ISBN# 978-0-323-05696-0.
- Section II: Assessment, particularly Chapter 3:
Assessment Tools. Forms, checklists, tips, and
strategies for assessing acute and chronic pain,
nociceptive and neuropathic pain, pain in adults,
children, infants, cognitively impaired persons, and
persons who cannot self-report. Many tools for a
variety of populations in English and several other
languages. Fifteen pages of references at the end of
the section.
-
Herr, K., Bursch, H., Ersek, M., Miller, L. L., Swafford, K.
(2010). Use
of pain-behavioral assessment tools in thenursing home: Expert
consensus recommendations for practice. Journal
of Gerontological Nursing, 36(3), 18-29. DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20100108-04.
Pain Assessment Tools
-
Communication Cards for Patients and Their Care Team -
City of Hope, Duarte, CA
- Pain assessment tools include phrases in English,
Spanish, Chinese, Armenian and Korean.
-
Fast Facts and Concepts –
Palliative Care Newtwork of Wisconsin (PCNOW)
Over 200 Fast Facts,
a PDA version and a Discussion Blog.
- Cultural Aspects of Pain Managements, 2nd ed.,
#78
- Establishing Pain Relief Goals
- Insomnia Assessment and Treatment
- Pain Assessment in the Cognitively Impaired
#126
- Pain, Suffering and Spiritual Assessment
- Pediatric Pain Assessment Scales, #117
- Pseudoaddiction, 2nd ed., #69
- What is Neuropathic Pain
Get the Fast Facts App
- iPhone (iTunes)
- Android (Google Play)
-
Home Health Pain Management Flow Sheet -
University of Wisconsin Hospitals & Clinics, Madison, WI
- A one-page pain management flow sheet to be
used in the home care setting.
-
Pain Assessment Packet/Chart Forms
- Nursing Assessment and Care Plan - City of Hope,
Duarte, CA
Comprehensive pain assessment tool for use in
initial evaluation of patients referred to a pain
service.
- Pain Rating Scales – InteliHealth
The three pain rating scales included are: 0-10
visual analog scale, Wong-Baker Faces rating
scale and the verbal scale.
- Pain
Assessment Packet/Chart Forms - Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical
Center, Lebanon, NH
- Initial Pain Rating Tool & Pain Flow Sheet
- Post-Operative Pain Management Needs
Assessment
A tool to assess the nurse’s knowledge and
attitude regarding pain management.
-
Pain Management – United States Department of Veterans Affairs
- Clinical Tools and Resources
-
Pain Scales in Multiple Languages
- The British Pain Society has produced a series of
pain scales in multiple languages (Albanian, Arabic,
Bengali, Chinese (simplified), Chinese (traditional),
Greek, Gujurati, Hindi, Polish, Punjabi, Somali,
Swahili, Turkish, Urdu, Vietnamese, and Welsh).
-
Psychosocial Pain Assessment Form -
City of Hope, Duarte, CA
- Developed by Shirley Otis-Green, MSW, LCSW.
This 8-page assessment and guided interview form
measures the impact of pain on five domains;
economics, social support, activities of daily living,
emotional problems, and coping behaviors as
perceived by the interviewer, patient and significant
other.
Psychosocial Pain Assessment Forms in Spanish
(for adults and children/adolescents):
- Formulario de Análisis Psicosocial del Dolor
Para Adultos
- Formulario de Analisis Psicosocial del Dolor
Para Niños y Adolescentes
-
State of the Art Review of Tools for Assessment of Pain in
Nonverbal Older Adults (New Tools Added)
- Overview, Criteria for Evaluation, Comparison
Grid, Comparison of Tool Items with AGS
Persistent Pain Guidelines, Review References
- Criteria for Evaluation
- Comparison Grid
- Comparison of Tool Items
- Review References
- Detailed Information or Brief Summaries
Tools:
- Abbey Pain Scale (Abbey, J., et al.)
- Assessment of Discomfort in Dementia (ADD)
Protocol, (Kovach, C.R., et al.)
- Certified Nurse Assistant Pain Assessment
Tool (CPAT) (Cervo, F., et al.)
- Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators (CNPI),
(Feldt, K.)
- Disability Distress Assessment Tool (Dis DAT)
(Regnard, D., et al.)
- Discomfort Behavior Scale (DBS) (Stevenson,
K.)
- Discomfort Scale-Dementia of the Alzheimer’s "
Type (DS-DAT), (Hurley, A., et al.)
- Doloplus 2, (Wary, B.)
- Elderly Pain Caring Assessment 2 (EPCA-2)
(Morello, R., et al.)
- Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability Pain
Assessment Tool (the FLACC), (Merkel, S. I., et
al.)
- Mobilization-Observation-Behavior-Intensity-
Dementia Pain Scale (MOBID) (Husebo, B. S., et
al.)
- Nursing Assistant-Administered Instrument to
Assess Pain in Demented Individuals
(NOPPAIN), (Snow, A. L., et al.)
- Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia
(PAINAD) Scale, (Warden, V., et al.)
- Pain Assessment for the Dementing Elderly
(PADE), (Villaneuva, M.R., et al.)
- Pain Assessment in Noncommunicative Elderly
Persons (PAINE) (Cohen-Mansfield, J., et al.)
- Pain Assessment Scale for Seniors with Severe
Dementia (PACSLAC), (Fuchs-Lacelle, S. K., et
al.)
- Pain Behavior for Osteoarthritis Instrument for
Cognitively Impaired Elders (PBOICIE) (Tsai, P.,
et al.)
